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Fungi: Basidiomycota: Agaricomycetes: Russulales: Russulaceae: Lactarius rufus (Scop.) Fr., 1838

Lactarius rufus – Rufous milkcap

Synonyms: Agaricus rubescens, Agaricus rufus, Agaricus variabilis, Galorrheus rufus, Lactarius boughtonii, Lactarius mollis, Lactarius rubescens, Lactifluus rubescens, Lactifluus rufus.

Common name: rufous milkcap.

Russian names: Gorkushka, Gorkushka ryzhaya, Gruzd gorkiy, Gorchak, Goryanka, Putik.

Extract from Wikipedia article: Lactarius rufus is a common, medium-sized member of the mushroom genus Lactarius, whose many members are commonly known as milkcaps. Known by the common name of the rufous milkcap, or the red hot milk cap in North America. It is dark brick red in color, edible, and grows with pine or birch trees.

AI-generated description

Lactarius rufus is a medium-sized, reddish-brown to orange-capped mushroom with a white to pale yellow stem and gills. In St. Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast, it typically grows in coniferous forests, especially with pine and spruce, from late summer to early autumn. In north-western Russia, it is commonly found in similar habitats, often in association with mosses and lichens, and can be abundant in areas with acidic soils and moderate moisture. Fruitbodies usually appear singly or in small groups, and the species is considered edible, but not highly prized due to its mild, slightly bitter taste.

Photos of this mushroom from the area of St. Petersburg, Russia

Milk Cap mushrooms (<B>Lactarius rufus</B>, Russian name Gorkushki) among moss in a forest between Orekhovo and Lembolovo, north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, <A HREF="../date-en/2010-06-30.htm">June 30, 2010</A>
LinkMilk Cap mushrooms (Lactarius rufus, Russian name Gorkushki) among moss in a forest between Orekhovo and Lembolovo, north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, June 30, 2010
Milk Cap mushroom (<B>Lactarius rufus</B>, Russian name Gorkushka) in moss near Vetrenoe Lake south from Sosnovo, 40 miles north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, <A HREF="../date-en/2012-07-22.htm">July 22, 2012</A>
LinkMilk Cap mushroom (Lactarius rufus, Russian name Gorkushka) in moss near Vetrenoe Lake south from Sosnovo, 40 miles north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, July 22, 2012
Location on mapspr. Raevskogo, 22, Sankt-Peterburg, Russia, 194064
Milkcap mushrooms (<B>Lactarius rufus</B>, Russian name Gorkushka) near Boloto Lammin-Suo swamp reserve. Saint Petersburg, Russia, <A HREF="../date-en/2013-09-16.htm">September 16, 2013</A>
LinkMilkcap mushrooms (Lactarius rufus, Russian name Gorkushka) near Boloto Lammin-Suo swamp reserve. Saint Petersburg, Russia, September 16, 2013
Location on mapsA122, Leningrad Oblast, Russia
Milkcap mushrooms (<B>Lactarius rufus</B>, Russian name Gorkushka) near Orekhovo, 40 miles north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, <A HREF="../date-en/2016-09-09.htm">September 9, 2016</A>
LinkMilkcap mushrooms (Lactarius rufus, Russian name Gorkushka) near Orekhovo, 40 miles north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, September 9, 2016
Milkcap mushrooms (<B>Lactarius rufus</B>, Russian name Gorkushka) between Orekhovo and Lembolovo, north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, <A HREF="../date-en/2016-09-28.htm">September 28, 2016</A>
LinkMilkcap mushrooms (Lactarius rufus, Russian name Gorkushka) between Orekhovo and Lembolovo, north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, September 28, 2016
Location on mapsUnnamed Road, Leningradskaya oblast', Russia
Mature milkcap mushrooms (<B>Lactarius rufus</B>, Russian name Gorkushka) between Orekhovo and Lembolovo, north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, <A HREF="../date-en/2016-09-28.htm">September 28, 2016</A>
LinkMature milkcap mushrooms (Lactarius rufus, Russian name Gorkushka) between Orekhovo and Lembolovo, north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, September 28, 2016
Location on mapsUnnamed Road, Leningradskaya oblast', Russia
First in season rufous milkcap mushrooms (<B>Lactarius rufus</B>) in Sosnovka Park. Saint Petersburg, Russia, <A HREF="../date-en/2017-07-06.htm">July 6, 2017</A>
LinkFirst in season rufous milkcap mushrooms (Lactarius rufus) in Sosnovka Park. Saint Petersburg, Russia, July 6, 2017
Location on mapsUnnamed Road, Sankt-Peterburg, Russia, 194064
Rufous milkcap mushrooms (<B>Lactarius rufus</B>) near Kavgolovskoe Lake south from Oselki, 8 miles north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, <A HREF="../date-en/2017-07-25.htm">July 25, 2017</A>
LinkRufous milkcap mushrooms (Lactarius rufus) near Kavgolovskoe Lake south from Oselki, 8 miles north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, July 25, 2017
Location on mapsNovyy per., Kavgolovo, Leningradskaya oblast', Russia, 188667
Mushrooms olive edge bonnet (Mycena viridimarginata) and milkcap <B>Lactarius rufus</B> near a road west from Kavgolovskoe Lake (Syariunlakhti), near Toksovo. North from Saint Petersburg, Russia, <A HREF="../date-en/2024-07-26.htm">July 26, 2024</A>
LinkMushrooms olive edge bonnet (Mycena viridimarginata) and milkcap Lactarius rufus near a road west from Kavgolovskoe Lake (Syariunlakhti), near Toksovo. North from Saint Petersburg, Russia, July 26, 2024
Location on mapsулица Гагарина, Токсовское городское поселение, Всеволожский район, Ленинградская область, Северо-Западный федеральный округ, 188664, Россия
Mushrooms olive edge bonnet (Mycena viridimarginata) and milkcap <B>Lactarius rufus</B> in moss near a road west from Kavgolovskoe Lake (Syariunlakhti), near Toksovo. North from Saint Petersburg, Russia, <A HREF="../date-en/2024-07-26.htm">July 26, 2024</A>
LinkMushrooms olive edge bonnet (Mycena viridimarginata) and milkcap Lactarius rufus in moss near a road west from Kavgolovskoe Lake (Syariunlakhti), near Toksovo. North from Saint Petersburg, Russia, July 26, 2024
Location on mapsулица Гагарина, Токсовское городское поселение, Всеволожский район, Ленинградская область, Северо-Западный федеральный округ, 188664, Россия

AI-generated summary of observations

Observations of the fungus Lactarius rufus were made in various locations in Leningrad Oblast and north-western Russia between 2010 and 2024. The mushrooms were found growing among moss in forests, near lakes, and in swamp reserves. Specific locations included areas between Orekhovo and Lembolovo, near Vetrenoe Lake, Boloto Lammin-Suo swamp reserve, Sosnovka Park, and near Kavgolovskoe Lake. The mushrooms were observed during different times of the year, with some sightings in June, July, and September. In some cases, they were found growing alongside other mushroom species, such as Mycena viridimarginata. The observations suggest that Lactarius rufus is a common species in the region, thriving in mossy environments. Multiple sightings were made in the same general area over several years, indicating a stable population.

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Links

Acknowledgements

Russian web-forums Planeta Gribov, V Kontakte, and Griby Sredney Polosy for learning names of local mushrooms.

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