Charcoal scale-head mushrooms (Pholiota highlandensis) near Orekhovo, north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, July 27, 2016
Unnamed Road, Vaskelovo, Leningradskaya oblast', Russia, 188731Synonyms: Agaricus carbonarius, Agaricus highlandensis, Chalymmota carbonaria, Dryophila carbonaria, Flammula carbonaria, Flammula gigantea, Flammula highlandensis, Gymnopilus carbonarius, Gymnopilus highlandensis, Inocybe carbonaria, Naucoria highlandensis, Pholiota carbonaria, Pholiota persicina, Pholiotina carbonaria.
Common name: bonfire scalycap.
Russian names: Cheshuychatka garevaya, Cheshuychatka ugleliubivaya, Foliota garevaya, Foliota ugleliubivaya, Cheshuychatka ugolnaya.
Pholiota highlandensis is a species of fungus that grows in clusters on coniferous trees, particularly spruce and pine. In St. Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast, it has been found in parks and forests, typically fruiting from July to October. In north-western Russia, it is commonly encountered in moss-covered areas and sphagnum bogs, where it forms mycorrhizal relationships with the surrounding vegetation. The cap is 2-5 cm in diameter, bell-shaped to convex, and ranges in color from golden brown to reddish-brown, with a sticky surface and distinct umbo. The gills are crowded, yellowish-brown, and attached to the stem. The stem is 3-6 cm tall, 0.5-1 cm thick, and has a ring or annulus near the top.
Charcoal scale-head mushrooms (Pholiota highlandensis) near Orekhovo, north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, July 27, 2016Unnamed Road, Vaskelovo, Leningradskaya oblast', Russia, 188731
Bonfire scalycap mushrooms (Pholiota highlandensis) near Kavgolovskoe Lake in area of Toksovo, north from Saint Petersburg, Russia, June 16, 2017Unnamed Road, Leningradskaya oblast', Russia, 188664
Bonfire scalycap mushrooms (Pholiota highlandensis) on the site of campfire near Kavgolovskoe Lake, between Oselki and Toksovo, north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, June 28, 2017Unnamed Road, Leningradskaya oblast', Russia, 188664
Bonfire scalycap mushrooms (Pholiota highlandensis) with a pair of brittlestem mushrooms Psathyrella pennata in foreground on a site of old fire in a spruce forest near Kavgolovskoe Lake in Toksovo, north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, July 14, 2017
Bonfire scalycap mushrooms (Pholiota highlandensis) on a site of old fire in a spruce forest near Kavgolovskoe Lake in Toksovo, north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, July 14, 2017Observations of Pholiota highlandensis in Leningrad Oblast and north-western Russia reveal that the fungus grows in areas with burned wood or charcoal, often near lakes and in spruce forests. Specific sightings include near Orekhovo, north of Saint Petersburg, on July 27, 2016, and near Kavgolovskoe Lake in Toksovo on June 16, 2017, and June 28, 2017. The fungus was also found on the site of an old fire in a spruce forest near Kavgolovskoe Lake on July 14, 2017, alongside brittlestem mushrooms Psathyrella pennata. Additional sightings on July 14, 2017, confirm the presence of Pholiota highlandensis in this region, typically on sites with burned remains, highlighting its affinity for such environments. The fungus appears to thrive in areas with recent fire activity, suggesting a potential association with disturbed or charred wood.
Russian web-forums Planeta Gribov, V Kontakte, and Griby Sredney Polosy for learning names of local mushrooms.
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