Toughshank mushrooms (Gymnopus ocior) in Sosnovka Park. Saint Petersburg, Russia, August 12, 2016
Unnamed Road, Sankt-Peterburg, RussiaSynonyms: Agaricus extuberans, Agaricus ocior, Agaricus succineus, Agaricus xanthopus, Chamaeceras funicularis, Collybia aquosa, Collybia dryophila, Collybia extuberans, Collybia funicularis, Collybia luteifolia, Collybia ocior, Collybia succinea, Collybia xanthopoda, Collybia xanthopus, Marasmius dryophilus, Marasmius funicularis, Rhodocollybia extuberans.
Common names: toughshank, spring toughshank.
Russian name: Gimnopus skorospelyy.
Gymnopus ocior is a species of fungus that grows on mosses and other small plants. In St. Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast, it has been found in forests and grasslands, typically fruiting from July to September. In north-western Russia, it is considered a rare species, with records from the Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, and Vologda regions, often associated with coniferous trees and acidic soils.
Toughshank mushrooms (Gymnopus ocior) in Sosnovka Park. Saint Petersburg, Russia, August 12, 2016Unnamed Road, Sankt-Peterburg, Russia
Toughshank mushrooms (Gymnopus ocior) near Orekhovo, north from Saint Petersburg. Russia, August 19, 2016Unnamed Road, Leningradskaya oblast', Russia, 188695
Toughshank mushrooms Gymnopus ocior near Lisiy Nos. West from Saint Petersburg, Russia, August 26, 2018Primorskoye Shosse, Sankt-Peterburg, Russia, 197755
Toughshank mushrooms Gymnopus ocior on rotting stump in Sosnovka Park. Saint Petersburg, Russia, May 30, 2019
Toughshank mushroom (Gymnopus ocior) on an old sand dune overgrown by pine forest in Sestroretskoye Swamp near Saint Petersburg. Russia, August 11, 2024Дюны, Белоостров, Санкт-Петербург, Северо-Западный федеральный округ, 197730, Россия
Side view of toughshank mushroom (Gymnopus ocior) on an old sand dune overgrown by pine forest in Sestroretskoye Swamp near Saint Petersburg. Russia, August 11, 2024Дюны, Белоостров, Санкт-Петербург, Северо-Западный федеральный округ, 197730, РоссияObservations of Gymnopus ocior in Leningrad Oblast and north-western Russia reveal its presence in various habitats. The fungus was found in Sosnovka Park, Saint Petersburg, growing on the ground (August 12, 2016) and on a rotting stump (May 30, 2019). It was also observed near Orekhovo, north of Saint Petersburg (August 19, 2016), and near Lisiy Nos, west of Saint Petersburg (August 26, 2018). Additionally, the fungus was found growing on an old sand dune overgrown by pine forest in Sestroretskoye Swamp near Saint Petersburg (August 11, 2024), with observations including both front and side views of the mushroom. These findings suggest that Gymnopus ocior is widespread in the region and can thrive in different environments, including forests and swamps. The fungus appears to be able to grow on various substrates, including soil and decaying wood.
Russian web-forums Planeta Gribov, V Kontakte, and Griby Sredney Polosy for learning names of local mushrooms.
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